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Sources:
Armour, Ian D. A History of Eastern Europe 1918 to the Present: Modernisation, Ideology and Nationality. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021.
“Belarus Protests One Year on: Lukashenko in Command and Striking Back” Translated by John Shelton, Deutsche Welle, 8 Aug. 2021, https://www.dw.com/en/belarus-protests-one-year-on-lukashenko-in-command-and-striking-back/a-58793285.
Bideleux, Robert and Ian Jeffries. A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change, Edition 2. London: Routledge, 2020.
Kandelaki, Giorgi. “Georgia’s Rose Revolution: A Participant’s Perspective.” United States Institute of Peace, 2006. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/sr167.pdf.
Medvedev, Roy A. Post-Soviet Russia: A Journey Through the Yeltsin Era. Trans. and ed. George Shriver. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.
NATO’s Return to Europe: Engaging Ukraine, Russia, and Beyond. Ed. Rebecca R. Moore and Damon Coletta. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2017.
Pynnöniemi, Katri; Rácz, András, eds. Fog of Falsehood: Russian Strategy of Deception and the Conflict in Ukraine. FIIA Report, 45. Helsinki: Finnish Institute of International Affairs, 2016.
“Relations with Russia.” NATO, 9 Mar. 2022, https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_50090.htm#:~:text=NATO%2DRussia%20relations%20started%20after,Atlantic%20Cooperation%20Council%20(1991).
“Russia Invades Ukraine.” Reuters, https://graphics.reuters.com/UKRAINE-CRISIS/zdpxokdxzvx/.
Thompson, John M. and Christopher J. Ward. Russia: A Historical Introduction from Kievan Rus’ to the Present, Edition 8. London: Routledge, 2018.
Zimmerman, William. Ruling Russia: Authoritarianism from the Revolution to Putin. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016.
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Hey Griff, just a little heads up, police in Czech is " Policie", not " Policja" and it was the VB units that cracked down on the protest, VB= Public Safety (Veřejná Bezpěcnost)
Yo That guy's shooting full auto while his rifle is on safety at 15:49
Именно благодаря советским режимам, сегодня Восточная Европа намного беднее Западной.
Pillage by the West, hand in hand with Russian capitalist oligarchs who apparently hid their stolen wealth from the revolution, or accrued it due to corruption in the latter years.
yall do know that Yugoslavia was not part of the Eastern Block though, right?
I am big fan but you just casually left out the fall of the iron curtain and the pan eauropean picnic which started the collapse of the EB
It came to the USA and to Canada.
Ok, this video is straight up bullshit propaganda…
Yanukovich wasn't perfect but he was trying to perform a balancing act between East and West. Also, when talking about the revolution of dignity you fail to mention the numerous nazi militias involved in the protests. Your anti-Russian bias is palpable
The meme 9:35
I like that cold war
Communist of eastern Europe and
soviet Union ussr Russia 🇷🇺
6:30 It's Ceaușescu ( chow-SHESK-oo). Fixed it for ya
My mother was living on kosovo and my mother and her family where forced to leave kosovo by albanian terrorist organisation and killed her aunt.
East EU was free again!!!
Dude you forgot the Obama Clinton administration's meddling in that Ukrainian pipeline being the real reason for the destabilization of Ukraine
Like we're all stupid with your propaganda cast
The video missed the point. Ukraine alienated it's own Russian speaking 🗣️ population by banning the use of Russian language. Therewith starting a civil war since the year 2014 up to this day evolving to the proxy war with all world powers involved and supplying with arms. The world citizens in this world are carrying the brunt and pain of this ongoing conflict in their lifelyhoods
So like during World War II the countries of Central and Eastern Europe have to choose between being controlled by Russia or by Germany. How sad.
"RUSSIA,the US and Britain agreed to respect Ukraine's sovereignty"
That aged like milk
In regards to what you said at 12:45 "even the most hardcore german socialists knew that the writing was on the wall (downfall of the gdr)":
I really dislike this framing as it paints the whole social upheaval as an anti-socialist opposition against the socialist supported east german government. This is simply not what happened – a lot of the most influential social movements that started the big demonstrations in the gdr in 1989 where explicitly socialist. They wanted more democracy, more transparacy and more liberties and general, but they also mostly argued for a socialist system of some kind (and I mean socialist not social democratic. This oppinion also was reflected in the broader parts of society (although not as strongly). Why then did no reformed socialist system emerge in the gdr? Well simple answer: people wanted reunification above all, so this issue pushed everything else to the side. And Kohl, the chancellor of west germany, only allowed reunification on their terms (famously saying "no experiments allowed"). With this reunification as we had in otl was the only realistic outcome, even though during 1989 the year of all the social upheaval and the blooming of east german civil society socialist policies and a federational system with high autonomy in east germany was equally if not even more popular.
To sum it up, a lot of people didn't want to get a rid of socialism, they wanted to get rid of the authoritarian gdr and their oppression. And this difference needs to be highlighted as it even helps to understand contemporary german politics.
This lack of understanding is also apparent in regards to solidarnosc in poland. This labor union movement also had strong socialist tendencies. In many east european republics socialists had a key position in ending authoritarian rule. Today people just kind of forget that – well history is written by the victors and in the end no socialist reformations where sucessfull.
Lies about Kosovo and Metohija
"Economic, sirvuving only by leeching resorses from their client state"? Seriously? What kind of resorses? Because i know that USSR supplied their "client states" with everything he could in exchange for loyalty. Moscow sent grain and oil to Warsaw pact members, funded comm parties all over the world. And after oil prices plummeted in late 80s, those gifts were denied. This was one of the reasons why uneffective and opressive communistic regimes were toppled shortly after. Please, enlighten me where i'm wrong.
Great video mate but to say that “the shattered remnants of the JNA couldn’t resist NATO” is absolutely incorrect. The Yugoslav Army defended Yugoslavia’s borders during the whole 78 NATO illegal bombing campaign and is the only army in the world to have scored a direct kill of a so called “stealth” aircraft. They were not beaten militarily but diplomatically and had to withdraw. They did themselves and their country proud.
I am Ukrainian, but I live in Russia
, it seems to me that you are misinterpreting the history of Ukraine.
1 the Budapest memorandum has not been ratified
2 there was a coup d'etat in 2014
3 Viktor Fedorovich Yanukovych was not pro-Russian
. Because he acted with his own interests and if he signed the association, his country became not competitive, that is, the economy fell and so on
Imagine gorbicvs reconstruction of Soviet politics succeed and the ussr still existed today.
Come-on historian. Ceausescu was Washington's darling. That is until he decided to get away from IMF
"Mr. Nixon went out of his way to publicize President Ceausescu's two‐day stay in Washington even though he had already been entertained at the White House on Saturday at a dinner for 31 chiefs of state and government who were in the United States for the 25th anniversary of the United Nations. Mr. Ceausescu was the only Communist head of state to attend the celebrations, and the Nixon Administration, pleased with Rumania's independent foreign policies in the Communist world, displayed warm friendship for him."
19 years of Yuschenko "poisoning" investigation resulted in Ukrainian AG declaring that there is no evidence that poisoning ever happened
This is simply not true that Yanukovich was pro-Russian. His government made calculations and EU deal was bad. Russia was giving $15 billion with no constrains. EU demanded killing of entire industries.
And no – massive protests were not result of Yanukovich not signing agreement. These protests were organized by the west. Yanukovich's actions were used as pretense.
Sniper story also a lie here. Snipers shot at protesters and police. And they were foreign and did not belong to Yuschenko. They were hires of those who organized this mess.
Thanks to Putin???? Before anything started in Donbass, ethnic Ukrainian nationalists took over 13 regional governments and several SBU buildings and a few military installations. This is regime installed in Kiev attacked Donabass. And Russia came to defend it.
So you had that bald, goateed maniac, followed by the severely paranoid, emotionally maladjusted man of steel…..a maniac, then a gang of successively older, greedier and more f@cked up…..maniacs (🙍)
Then finally a therapist.
Then released into the waiting arms of a rapacious drunk and finally being rescued by a Phantom Menace, a reeaaaal bastard.
And maniac of maniacs.
If I could only go back in time, and throw Milošević into the Pacific Ocean…
Communism was so bad that in the Soviet Union, that in the 1996 elections in Russia, the US and Germany had to throw a truck load of money on the campaign of Boris Yeltsin, so the communists would not come back to power through elections. Even then, the communist party came in second.
That was just 4 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of communism in Russia. Communism was so bad, that, half of the Russians wanted the communists back in power and voted for them.
A similar thing happened in Poland , except that in Poland, the communists actually won the elections, and communism was so bad in Poland, that the Poles voted for Aleksander Kwasniewsky, the former communist Minister of Youth, defeating Lech Walesa and the Solidarity party. Even thinking that Mr. Walesa had a lot of cash from the western countries, still he lost to the communists.
Same thing in Bulgaria in 1994, where the Communists claimed a Parliament Election Victory and Zhan Videnov, a 35-year-old former Communist official became the Prime Minister.
And the same thing happened in other former communist countries like Lithuania in 1992, and Hungary in 1994. Why people that lived so many years under communism vote for communists? Because in the end it wasn't that bad.
If only the United States took care of the United States to change ? The war in ukraine would surely be over already.
Yugoslavia was never part of eastern block.
Ukraine is one hell of a hotbed now! That said, it's looking more and more like one that will remain un-occupied when all is said and done. Hell, they might well even reclaim Crimea at this point. Do you foresee a "military buffer state" if that happens? It really does depend on two things. What Russia "itself" does with Putin afterwards, and who/what replaces him.
Вообще-то народ восточной европы был против ухода коммунистов
Бред какой-то, население всех стран Восточной Европы, в том числе и СССР, были против ухода коммунистов, бунты и забастовки продолжались вплоть до 1993 года
Автор, ты что курил?
my favorite video of the channel! I have watched multiple times. Incredibly well researched and narrated on a topic greatly misunderstood by westerners.
Fun fact: All those Eastern Bloc Protests against communist regimes, are inspired from the EDSA People Power in the Philippines to overthrow Ferdinand Marcos Sr. Only for another Marcos to return to the presidency 30+ years later…
Therefore this is a good reason to justify overthrowing the government and destroying our current system
In your opening words on Gorbachev you use "unfortunately" in connection with "fall of the Soviet Union". And I have just watched your video on Chechnya, in which the Russian apartment bombings are unambiguously attributed to Chechen terrorists (despite consensus that they were a Russian operation). Is this a serious channel?
Dane here. I remember most of this. I saw it on the TV in the news. One of my teachers (from Schlelswig) went to Berlin to gather up a piece of the Berlin wall. The piece went around in the classroom. It was so massive a moment, we realized we where holding a piece of history in our hands.
The image of the bloodied form of Ceaușescu and his wife were etched in my memory, and that period of events in Eastern Europe was formative of my understanding of history and it sparked my interest in politics and foreign affairs. I'm so glad I was alive to witness this – on the sidelines. I don't envy those that was in the middle of this, but I'm glad that there were enough people that changed the course of the countries of Eastern Europe.
Ah america one island two coasts
You didnt mention what Russia did in the baltics.