The Enigma Tornado Outbreak of 1884



Meteorologists today use a tornado intensity scale called the Enhanced Fujita Scale to assess a tornado’s strength, use satellites and doppler radar to track storm cells and see tornadoes form, and and use “storm chasers” to follow the paths of tornadoes. But none of that was around in 1884. In 1884 there was nothing but the reports by survivors. Those reports suggest a tornado outbreak on a massive scale, and damage that devastated whole communities, but leave a picture of what might have been one of the worst tornado outbreaks in history that is so incomplete that the true scale of the storm is a mystery, and so is called “the enigma tornado outbreak.”

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This is original content based on research by The History Guy. Images in the Public Domain are carefully selected and provide illustration. As very few images of the actual event are available in the Public Domain, images of similar objects and events are used for illustration.

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33 thoughts on “The Enigma Tornado Outbreak of 1884”

  1. What I remember most was the roar. Some compare it to a train, but I recall it being across the whole audio spectrum, fro very low, to so high it hurt. You really could ‘feel it in your bones’, like continuous bass at a rock concert.

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  2. Laura Ingalls Wilder wrote about the tornado outbreak in South Dakota around that same time. She said she wasn't writing history, but I think she would be amazed at how accurate her memory was and how those events are still talked about.

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  3. I had never heard of this tornado outbreak. Thank you for covering this weather event.
    I worked as a storm spotter for Lincoln/Lancaster County, Nebraska for a number of years. After watching the training videos, I considered the typhoons and hurricanes I experienced rather tame compared to tornadoes.

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  4. Hello Mr. Geiger. Old people know way too many things that make them no money! That being said: The Anniston Daily Hot Blast was published from 1887 to 1899 in Anniston, Calhoun County Alabama. Jim Melka

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  5. Good afternoon. Just remembering my grandfather was born in 1883 and lived till he was 93. He was hard of hearing when I was born so never had many conversations. Just wish I'd known about historical items like this so I could have asked him.

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  6. Ever since I was a small child I've wanted to see a tornado up close,hear it,see what it does but have never experienced one other than driving past a local area a few minutes after a small one topped out some trees along highway 29 nearby,and blew over an ancient forgotten barn..
    I've lived through many hurricanes,seen the aftermath of aeveral hurricane generated tornados and seen maybe a dozen waterspouts up close and 1 within 100' before but no hurricanadoes,nor tornicanes up close,yet…

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  7. I live in northeast Alabama the 2011 tornados a fe5 was a mile away from my house, it was a half a mile wide and pulled grass out of the ground, the houses had no chance of survival. Growing up with tornadoes hitting twice a year I have never been scared until that beast of nature.

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  8. Thanks for another captivating video! This story reminds me of the 1920’s Tri-state tornado. The technology had not changed from 1880’s as far as weather forecasting. Hopefully, the people of 2120’s will look on our weather forecasting as we look back to the 1920’s.
    Have a great day!

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  9. 1965, Levenworth, KS … 50 in tornado alley that night. A brick gas station was “removed”. Next door was a pizza parlor with a large glass window. Not a scratch. Most homes in Oklahoma now have a “fraidy hole” buried in the yard. Modern storm cellars are simply large flow precast concrete drainage pipe joints with steps into it and a vent pipe. The doors open inwards as to not be blocked with debris.

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  10. Nicely done old chap. Sobering descriptions by the newspapers of the day. You're right, probably over a thousand souls were lost. This episode was in my daily YT feed, I was so impressed I subscribed. Cheers.

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  11. My husband is from Albion, PA. He was in the Marines at Cherry Point in 1985 when a tornado scored a direct hit on his hometown. He saw it on the nightly news. There was no getting through to his family for days; all the telephone lines were down. No cell phones back then. Twelve people were killed. Fortunately, none of his large family were injured. My family lived a couple towns over at the time. Having a tornado strike so close to home scared my mother. Up until then, she'd liked sitting her rocking chair, watching storms roll through. Never again.

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  12. Watched & took pictures of Tuscaloosa’s 27 April 2011 tornado as it passed by 3-4 miles away. Have had several pass by 1/2 to 1/4 mile of where I live in SE Tuscaloosa, AL. I’m what James Spann calls a ‘Weather Dweeb’, I watch severe weather over the internet from other other area whenever possible.

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  13. To witness the destruction delivered by a tornado in person is truly a humbling experience not easily if ever forgotten. I recall in one movie in recent times a reference given to an F5 tornado as being the finger of God. I do believe that assessment to be absolutely true.

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  14. I've survived sister tornados, one passed to the south of the house, one to the north. They were small, but did do some damage. What honestly blew my mind was, we have gotten so hood at predicting them, that people get upset if the warning interrupts their lives.

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  15. This video was awesome. Obviously what happened was terrible. But your detailed description really brought it to life, really made it seem relevant and almost personal to me. You really made it , even to somebody who wasn't there. And what you said at the end, about it being up to us to remember now, was so incredibly powerful, to me. But at the same time, even though those people long gone, your retelling of the story, and the passion with which you did so, brought them back, if only for 17 minutes. They lived again, just for a little while, through you. You did a great service to them, History Guy. Also, I learned a few new words from you today. You are so smart, lol, and I'm totally here for it. And again, your precise enunciation, your tone and inflection, and the cadence of your speech, along with your careful research and detailed description of your subject, make your videos an absolute pleasure to watch. As I've said before, you are pure history ASMR! LOVE this channel!!

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