How can we know whether the Universe is infinite or not? Can something hide behind the Sun in Earth’s L3 Lagrange point? Should we start with terraforming the Moon before Mars? Will humans ever visit a lander on Mars?
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00:00 Start
00:47 [Tatooine] Can we terraform the Moon
05:36 [Coruscant] How long current science will stand?
09:01 [Hoth] How can we know if the Universe is infinite or finite?
12:54 [Naboo] Can something hide in Earth’s L3 Lagrange point?
14:24 [Kamino] What if Jupiter falls into the Sun?
18:34 [Bespin] Does Milky Way look different from space?
20:37 [Mustafar] How long is a Universe year?
21:23 [Alderaan] Why doesn’t Mercury fall into the Sun?
23:40 [Dagobah] Will we ever visit a Mars lander?
25:23 [Yavin] How will Mars colonization happen?
27:30 [Mandalore] Why there are no ups and downs in space?
30:16 Outro
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Thanks Frazer 🙂 [Tatooine] Can we terraform the Moon is my fave Q&A, I did not know it was possible for The Moon to hold an atmosphere…I learn something new everyday.
Yavin
We just need to find a large enough underground space. Then our imaginations will really kick into gear. Harder to be enthusiastic about theoretical spaces. Embrace the beautiful irony of futuristic cavemen Fraser.
With Vega-C failure, How come that ESA got so far behind compared to SpaceX and NASA?
Ariane 5 was so far ahead of everyone else in the past… They will never catch up with them
Since Moon's gravity is ⅙, does that mean that adding that linear multiplyer to the amount of atmosphere we would need for every sq meter, than on earth, to give normal pressure?
Great thought experiment. BTW, with such huge amounts of nitrogen and oxygen, how would such a long day affect "the climate"?
I'm imagining a rager of a storm, always around the "shadow terminator", enough to destroy colonies, erase crators and make the moon look like a fuzzy dust ball from Earth…
Whoops 😁
So, how about using giant solar sail type things attached to the equator to use light pressure to increase the rotational velocity of the Moon to a more acceptable rate? 🙂
Why is it expanding ?
Mass attracts mass .
Beyond our imagination are other universes as numerous as stars in our night sky.
Kewl, wow, how about that.
#Tatooine
Before we even attempt to terraform the moon and Mars, would it not be more logical to try to terraform something much closer like the Sahara Desert and then Antartica?
My concern with trying any of this in our own solar system is that what happens if we change the mass enough to destabilize the orbit. And any large body with a disrupted orbit would likely mean catastrophe for our entire system. Imagine if Jupiter got pulled closer to the inner solar system!
Yay! Fraser, could we destabilize orbits in our attempts to terraform celestial bodies?
Dagobah
Terraform the Moon with domes… or we could cap the mile-wide craters that aren’t as deep with a protective shield that we will use around space habitats that are outside of the Earth’s Magnetosphere. I have mentioned that we will need to protect Mars from solar radiation with a big solar shield. The Mars solar shield will have solar panels to charge batteries that get transferred with every visit… Everything will start and needs to be proven closer to earth, before being used on Mars.
Yes, I know solar panels on the Moon are pointless because it is more cost-effective to build 5 nuclear power plants that use Helium 3. If you have to ask why, isn’t it obvious that 5 times the materials and space will be needed for solar panels that won’t make as much power as 5 Helium 3 nuclear power plants??? I would guess. If we are going to live on the Lunar surface, we need a shield to do more than protect us from the not-so-micro meteors, if we aren’t deep enough…
A Human made Nuclear Magnetosphere seems possible, but how big, a mile wide of course, but if the habitat is a mile deep with a cap over the crater, removes the need… One thing that is preventing us from moving to other worlds is the unpredictable solar storms, so we need protection first… Back to the thought of a solar shield covered with solar panels is a Mega-Mega-Project that is not needed, when the Boring Company is making it easier to dig a big tunnel. We just need 15 starships to get the first Boring Tunneling Machine to the Moon to prove it’s doable, before going as far as Mars…
Underground Moon Habitats within a mile-wide basin that is pressurized so that we can move freely in the Moon’s gravity between the Hypergravity Vehicle Habitats that we need to live and grow in. If you haven’t read my past comments, these underground air-tight basins will have a ceiling covered with mirrors that reflect blue tints much like the sky of Earth…
I started writing this comment thinking of a show on AMC, “Moonhaven” I saw with an opened-air habitat on the Lunar Surface.
Fraser Cain kind of explains how a world on the Moon like the one in Moonhaven could exist.??
They voted for the last comment because humans tend to remember the first and last things in a list. Psych 101
lol@ we put arms on everything.
Dagobah: the idea that we will one day be able to build structures around these artefacts, to celebrate and protect them is simultaneously so ostentatious and humbling. It's actually quite emotional too, to think that one day, somebody will get to put their hand on the surface of these landers, to physically connect with that history and the hopes and trials and successes that accompanied them; that one day some martian colonist will get to have a Picard-meets-Phoenix moment with Pathfinder or Insight or Opportunity, even if they have to wear a full EV suit to do it.
I think the moon could generate it's own magnetosphere. It still has molten hot center. So you just need to get it spinning faster.
The Yavin answer is interesting. Surely Musk and the Mars society people know how much Mars sucks.
The Wait but Why guy starts his article on Mars colonization explaining how bad of a time Mars is "if Mars was a place on earth, nobody would want to live there"
But they all still believe in building cities on Mars. It's a heck of a lot easier than building O'Neil cylinders
4:05 – While using genetic engineering to create plants that can cope with extended periods of darkness is an option, why not just borrow a page from Isaac Arthur's playbook and make solar shade / reflector satellites? In that way, we introduce less questions into the scenario, and we can control the light cycle to whatever we desire.
I personally believe that there will be a long line of people who would go to Mars, and a then a long line of people wanting to leave. Think of how many well educated and fit humans have left their carcasses on Everest, and I say that with respect, because many people chose their version of purpose over self preservation, and depending on the opportunities and the model for which people would leave for, I think there’s a ton of pioneers and straight up crazy risk takers and everything in between to get a base going.
Edit: one example are the thousands working in the oilsand projects in Canada. For the people who do that work, the money is great for what they do, and it is to tolerate the isolation and conditions. Another example would be the pioneers of the Oregon Trail, because the incentives were worth the risk for them. Point being is the model for which people go needs to be proper. In the argument is that there’s no reason to go other than to just check the place out, then yes, I agree with your outlook. 🍻
Kamino – I think the questioner was wounding, as i am, if Jupiter with a mostly metallic Hydrogen core would add any extra life to the Sun if it crashed into it? Extra/added H to burn in the core.
since the Moon has no atmosphere meteorites have no way of burning up before than blast on to the surface and the Moon is constantly be bombarded by meteorites. We would have to find lava tubes to live in and not on the surface.
Hey Fraser. There will be a time when we see bio-signatures on a planet and know for certain there is life on that planet. How close do you think we are we to that moment?
Up and down is the perspective of whatever position a person's face is at in any given moment.
Uranus.
Question. The further you look into space the further back in time, right? So my question is where is everything right now, or our relative now? In other words, in our universe models, if something is 1 million LY away its also 1 million years ago and were seeing it where it was 1 million years ago, where is it now, as well as, everything else in the universe? Do our universe models factor that in, or are we seeing a jumbled mess of different time periods in the universe, seeing all of time at once, throwing off our models and if our models are off then our observation and theories could also be off. There could be a secret order to the chaotic universe we are seeing incorrectly. Just something that always bugged me, thanks.
Hey Fraser! Love your contents as always. My question is, is it possible for a star to have rings??
Always a good watch. Bespin
I love these!
Tatooine! The moon is boring & needs an all inclusive resort
Could we use the moon to move our planet and keep it habitable past the suns expansion?
The moon will not be able to hold the atmosphere, it will be stripped. So, no, you can't terraform the moon. Not without some tech that allows you to create an artificial magnetic field. The idea is ridiculous because it's will be more costly than to terraform Mars.
I think the point is that no matter what insane things we discover in the future, revolutionary things, or even if we become able to control all of physics' laws as we want to, our current science doesn't stop being science. Our current models, despite how imperfect they are, are still the ones that fit best with our observations, and are researched to the best of our current abilities. That's science. Dalton's model for the atom didn't stop being scientific, it just became outdated as new facts were learned.
Kamino
The moon? Why not try terraforming the Himalayas or Australia first?
Up is away from gravity, Down is towards gravity. Up and down are only directions that make sense in a strong gravity well.
Is there a meaningful difference between something going beyond the event horizon of a blackhole and going beyond the edge of the observable universe?
Why do we assume dark matter in the mass just enough to make galaxy turn around like a whirlpool? Why not less or more dark matter?
What could cause a such gravity whirlpool?
You only need space mirrors to lighten Moon's longer nights.
Someday the Viking landers etc. will be lawn ornaments like people use old gas pumps and tractors now.
Comments on Mars sucking are Earther-biased and lack imagination of future tech and societies. We're not likely to have a substantial Mars base for decades yet, decades in which tech will advance, making it much easier and pleasant to live on Mars.
By then you can have a very safe, well insulated, form-fitting Mars suit "second skin" that lets you move freely, that senses the environment around you and modulates it to be suitable for your senses. To you, wearing it and walking around on the surface of Mars, it feels pretty much the same as you feel walking around on Earth wearing light clothing. (We're likely to get that sensory suit tech from VR developments, btw – not something that has to be developed just for Mars.)
We already have very compact tech (reported in 2022) that can scrub nearly all CO2 from air at a rate suitable to recycle breathing air, powered by hydrogen. So no big and bulky air tanks – you'd carry small cryo-tanks of oxygen and hydrogen – a few liters would give you hours of air supply.
And if you grew up on Mars, you would not be expecting or even missing plants and animals and flowing water outdoors. "Oh, those are nice enough, but those are indoor-domed-park things, not natural Mars things." But also, by the time we get a Mars colony of any substantial size, advanced biotech may enable plants that can tolerate Mars' near-vacuum conditions, wild as that may seem to us today.