The Life of Eumenes by Plutarch

Eumenes was a Greek general and satrap. He participated in the Wars of Alexander the Great, serving as both Alexander’s personal secretary and as a battlefield commander. He later was a participant in the Wars of the Diadochi as a supporter of the Macedonian Argead royal house.

In the distribution of the empire after Alexander’s death, he was assigned Cappadocia in eastern Asia Minor. He gave valuable aid to the regent Perdiccas, Alexander’s legitimate successor, in Perdiccas’ struggle against the rebel Macedonian generals Antigonus Monophthalmus, Antipater, Craterus, and Ptolemy, each of whom controlled different parts of the empire.

After the murder of Perdiccas by his own men, the rebel generals gathered at Triparadisus and condemned Eumenes to death. He escaped but was recognized two years later by the new regent (Polyperchon) as the royal general in Asia. Eumenes collected an army in Cilicia and marched toward the eastern provinces, pursued by Antigonus. Eumenes held Antigonus in check during a long and hard campaign on the Iranian plateau, but he was finally betrayed to the enemy.

Eumenes was executed after the Battle of Gabiene in 316 BC.

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