This study provides a review and analysis on the design, systems, and materials involved in a settlement water life cycle to sustain short and long term crewed human missions on Mars, Moon, Venus, and deep space. Designing and establishing permanent water management infrastructure to survive decades in extreme environments demands greater attention. The study highlights water infrastructure development since the 1970’s, waste management and systems at McMurdo Station and the ISS, the native water sources and H2O cycle on Mars, water treatment systems in transit, and H2O supply estimates. Water production methods referenced include atmospheric vapor extraction, fuel cells, brine electrolyzer, rodwell, aerogel, and thermal mining. This preliminary research and be a guidebook to improve the conservation, operations, cost savings, urban development, and economic efficiency of water cycles on planetary surface and transit to enable high quality drinking water for life beyond Earth.
Lutz, Kolemann & Fairhart, Alex. (2022). Space & Mars Settlement Water Life Cycle: H2O Production, Infrastructure, Treatment, and Storage. 10.2514/6.2022-4231.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364389445_Space_Mars_Settlement_Water_Life_Cycle_H2O_Production_Infrastructure_Treatment_and_Storage
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