Sight, Smell, Touch, Hearing, Taste: Where do they REALLY come from? |Earth History Documentary

🌍 How has evolution enabled animals to develop their incredible sense organs over the eras?
Our world is full of highly diverse animals, each sporting unique sensory organs that have been shaped and sculpted over millions of years of inspiring evolution, weaving a story of adaptation.
The secrets of the environment, carefully captured by the sensory system, come to life within us, vibrating through the pathways of the nervous system. The sensory system operates through specialized receptor cells that convert external stimuli into changes in membrane potentials. Every sensation, every emotion, every reaction finds its source in this complex and magnificent ballet.
It’s at the very heart of our being that interpretation takes place, where signals take shape, where reactions fit together like pieces of a divine puzzle. The central nervous system analyzes, understands and orchestrates our responses, making every fiber of our being vibrate through the messengers of the peripheral nervous system.
Human beings and most animals have evolved five distinct senses: chemosensation is broken down into two main senses, taste and smell. These two senses are based on the interaction of chemosensory signals with molecular receptors. All visual perceptions belong to a single sense, sight, which uses light reflected or emitted by objects to explore the surrounding environment. Hearing is considered a single sense, and is specifically dedicated to the perception of sound, while touch is dedicated to the detection of mechanical stimuli, such as temperature, pain, pressure and vibration.
Each sensory system, whether special or general, requires sensory receptors to detect the stimulus. Different sensory receptor cells are specialized in detecting different types of stimuli, and are classified according to the type of stimulus detected.
Natural selection has played a key role in determining the functions of sensory systems within each species, resulting in variations in these systems according to the specific evolutionary history of each lineage. Thus, sensory receptors have evolved in parallel with the evolution of external stimuli.

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💥Behind the Scenes of the Evolution of the 5 Senses:
– In general, we might assume that animals need neural networks to feel, perceive and behave, as these networks perform complex neural calculations that promote their survival.
Nevertheless, amoebae and other single-celled organisms can move around and sense their environment without the need for a complex nervous system, thanks to a process known as chemotaxis. So it should come as no surprise that unicellular organisms contain simple but effective sensory structures. Indeed, they possess the most primitive sensory mechanism, and arguably the simplest means of processing the information they receive from the environment around them.
This is particularly evident in the case of vision, with a functional eye-like “ocelloid” in dinoflagellates, and in the case of cyanobacteria, which seem to have what it takes to qualify as one of the most elementary vision systems. The senses of touch and hearing are also derived from single-celled organisms.
However, in the case of chemosensation, it has been proposed that smell is more correctly defined by the neural system used, implying that olfaction evolved after the transition to multicellularity.

The visual pathway is undeniably one of the wonders of nature. The ability to see near and far, in black and white and in color, while embracing a wide field of vision, certainly represents an evolutionary advantage of remarkable magnitude, almost miraculous.
To understand the history of vision, we need to go back in time to explore the theories of eye evolution. Step by step, we understand how this organ has developed over time.

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🎬 Today’s program:
– 00:00 – Introduction
– 06:10 – The evolution and appearance of vision
– 30:40 – The evolution and appearance of hearing
– 40:28 – Evolution and appearance of the sense of smell
– 55:58 – Evolution and appearance of taste
– 01:21:25 – The evolution and appearance of touch

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